Energy-relay.



G. LAUDET & L. GAUMONT.

ENERGY RELAY. APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, 1910.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912;.

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'Toallwfiom'itmy wfl cml' ti'ty otffluidflund'er' pressure is abletopass Bef it; 'own;thatflwe,. Gnonohs LAIJDE'I.and ltothe point6'lgietween-the. periphery of the LiiongGiuntonfa; residing inj'Paris giine, washejr andf ith'e wall; ofthe chamber andandr'bo'tircitiaens}ofthe Republic ofr. ,ra'nae. fiow through theorifice 7. 5f havo.; ii 1vented=certain new. aniddlsfp l /jmi flfitbedesired to obtu'ratethe orifice 7, 60

protfementsj-inlfine gy-Relayaof whiehth the pressure fluid' which.passes around'the ollowingfis a'specificationl 1 ,wa'sher 3l, be ingnnable"to 'fiow out, acquires 'lliis flinvention relates to improvementsin in the space 8 the pressure of the admission energy?relaysand.'hflS'gfOI? ts -Qbject One conduit, and as tllIS-P IBSSH I'Q. is exertedupon 1Q 'which-i siintended for the amplification of .the'qentiresurface-while 'on the other-side 6 any niovementor. vibration';bymeansofall 3 f it is exerted only upon the crown externally,-

- uids, '-fliqiiidsior vapors, byl pressuref "or the washerlbecom'es'applied to. the edges of 'v'acuumz;.-' I't may be constructedo1:allgsi'ze's the'orifice 3 andibl'ocks'ithe outlet for-thefi'om'theapparatusintended for; infinitely fluid;

1'5. sma lai d rapid vibrations to the apparatus" If the orificei' beopened gently, the 'fluid' 7 0 intendediforiopening the eam .valves ofcontained in the chamber 8 will flow in prosteani generaterseapabl'e ofdriving engines portion 'jto the size of theaperture formed of severalhundred horse power. 1 and the pressurewill fall in the chamber 8 Inthis]: apparatus'the energy isjproduced while this pressure P multipliedby the surby'the opening and themodlficatioli of the face S of thewasher'is greater than or at 75 'delivery of a fluid under pressure'orvacuum least equal to the..pres'sure exerted by the obtained by-theapplication to thedischarge fluid upon the surface of the crown 2 2 onorifices of. a' free, rigid or soft washer he ld theother side. Atthis'm'oment, if the ori- .upon these orifices by the pressure exertedfice is further opened, the washer will rise .25 by a "derivation fromthe principal current. and the fluid is able to pass through the con-80- Thisapparatus is characterized by the fact duit 4 in such a mannerthat on Opening the theta single admission of compressed fluid orifice 7tea greater or less extent, by an iu-- is sufiicient. to supply therelay and the finitesimal quantity, quantities of fluid varybranchserving to insure the operation ofthe ing with theaperture of theorifice 7 are alrelay. lowed to pass out through the conduit 4, 85 Theinventionis illustrated by way of ex these quantities increasing inproportion to ample in the accompanying drawing in the magnitude 'of themovement of the 'which:- v washer, and as the periphery-or contour ofFigure. 1 is a diagram. intended to show the orifice 4 is greater. j themethod of operation. -Fig. 2 is a section By an aperture given to theconduit 7 90 on Fig.-1.-showing the movable washer and the movement ofthe washer is larger in; the interval which separatesit from theinproportion as the quantity of fluid that is ner part of the chamber.Fig. 3 is a section able to pass around the, washer is smaller. of theapparatus as constructed commer The diameter of the washer, relativelyto- 40 cially. Fig. 4 represents the front part of the diameter of thechamber is therefore of'95 4 the apparatus viewed axially. Fig. 5repreimportance; 1t.should be regulated in taksents an arrangement inwhich the washer ing into account the extent of the movement slides informing a joint-in the body of the of the part 9 which obturates theorifice-7 apparatus..- v and also the periphery of the orifice that it'Through a conduit 1 (Fi 1) the fluid en.- obturates. 4

- .ters'an annular chamber 2 Fig. 2) inwhich .The orifices 7 and 4 maybesimple or a perfectly free washer 31 is arranged. multiple andtheirform'and-periphery may 1- Under the influence of the ressure thisvary as desired from a circular hole to ori-. washer becomes displacedandt e fluid flows fices, holes or slots with a plaited contour.

through "the conduit 4. The washer acted so as to increase the peripherywithout in-' 105 upon by the pressure of the:fluid'becomes creasing thesection, stars, parallel slots,' applied to the bottom; 5.. Upon thisbottom herring boned, etc. i p 5 -,grooves or depressions areformed (seeThe total effect depends upon the quan- Fig. 4) so that the washercannot form a fity of fluid to be u't-ilized the force and the 5-Derfect joint when applied but a small quanamplitude of thej'gmtialmovement of the 119 part 9 to which the movement that is to be amplifiedhas been imparted no matter what the origin of this movement may be.

The apparatus described above is a simple relay but obviously in thecase of high power apparatus that it is desired to operate by means of awealrmovement (an electrical movement for example) the obturation of theorifice 7 may be utilized for displacing-a washer 31 which will itselfserve to obturatea current of air capable of displacing larger washerthus forming a double, triple or more complex relay de pending in allcases upon the same supply of fluid.

'lhe-lwasl'iers employed inthis relay may be of any suitable materialsteel, aluminium or the like, celluloid, indiarubber, paper or the like,according to the fiuids employed. The description applies to acircularwasher but it is obvious that this movable part may present any desiredform such as square or polygonal, regular or irregular. It may be rigidor soft; if it is rigid itshould be perfectly plane and accuratelyfitagainst the lips ofthe orifice; If it is softthe orifices need not beabsolutely plane because the pressure is then able to deform'the washerand eause'it to lit the edges.

It is necessary to exercise the greatest care as to the obturation ofthe orifice 7. There is a great difference between the manner in whichthe vibrating part obturates this orifice in this relay, and the mannerof obturating the orifices in the appliances heretofore suggested foramplifying sounds by the expansion of fluids.

lVhen movements are obtained by means of valves, lamella: or membranesobturat-ing the fluid stream in the appliances heretofore suggested, themovement obtained in creases in amplitude in proportion as theobturating part more closely approaches absolute obturation, because thesound is a.

passes between the periphery of the washer 31 andthe inner wall of thechamber. If this quantity of fiuid be increased by decreasing thediameter of the washer; that is to say by increasing the passage of thefluid, it is necessary to'open the orifice 7 rather more in order toobtain the movement of the washer and consequently the obturatingpartmust carry its movement farther. It

piece.

follows that the objectof this movement is merely to obtain a variationof pressure in in'the cavity 12 and is able to pass over the lips of theorifice 13 and enter the mouth- T-he body of this apparatus issurfacedin such a mannerthatat the point 14 it is absolutely in the sameplane as the lips of the orifice 13. By means of the screw 15 aninternally screw threaded washer is screwed to the bodyof the apparatus;at 16 this washer presents a cylindrical part in which the washer 17 isintroduced. A screw plug 18 is screwed on to the part 16 and entersthecylindrical'pa'rt in which the washer-is fitted, in such a. mannerasto form a small chamber in which the washer moves. Upon the face 19 ofthis plug the small grod'ves or lines previously referred toare formed;these are shown inFig. 4. These groovesor lines unite in a centralconduit- 22 ending at an orifice 20, the form of which is adapted torequirements; this orifice is obt-urated by the part- 21 as describedatthe commcncement of this description. This arrangement enables thecondition of the movable washer to be checked at any inoment and permitsof removing any foreign bodies that may have entered the apparatus.

In Fig. the fluid enters the body 23 and the circular cavity 26- as inthe preceding arrangements but the washer forms a joint in the body andis able to slide without allowing any fluid to pass; in this case thequantity of fluid necessary for the operation of the relay passes fromthe front to' the rear of the washer through comluits 25, the dimensionsof'wliich may be permanently regulated or be regulated by an orifice,the size of which can be modified by means of a pin valve cook 30 (Fig.lVith this arrangement the movable and free washer may even be replacedby a fine, flexible'o r soft membrane.

The device is especially adapted to amplifying the sounds produced byphonographs, graphophones, telephone instruments andthe like. In suchdevices where the sound vibrationsare more or less feeble and more orless complex, it is desirable that the relays should be exceedinglysensitiveto such vibrations. The actionof the relay, when employed forsuch purposes, is improved by making the washer quite thin, therebyreducing its weight and increasing its flexi-- bility and itsresponsiveness to the primary bbturating element being in ,through saidorifices,

orifice s for/the passage of fluid through said being of smallerdimensions than the housing whereby fluid may pass to both sides ofth'washei', and means for varying the pressure on one side of saidwasher with respect to that on the other.

2. An energy relay comprising a housing, orifices'for the passage ofliuid through said housing, a washer movably mounted in said housing,and controlling the passage way mg on either side of said washer beingin tiommunication with each other, and means for'varying the pressureonone side of said washer with respect to that on the other.

"-3. An energy relay comprising a housin housing an obturating elementmovably mounted in said housing, and controlhng the passage way throughsaid. orifices, the Parts of the housing on either side of saidcommunication with each other, and means for rarying'the piessure .onone side of said obturating element with respect to that on the other.

4. An energy relay, especially for amplifying speech and soundvibrations, comprising a housing, an admission orifice for a current offluid and a principal exit orifice, a disk controlling said exitorifice, said disk being thin, light and flexible and having but slightmovementaway from the said orifice. the parts of the housing oneitherside of said disk being in communication with each other, an exit fromsaid housing at the rear side of said disk,- and means for modifying thecurrent of fiuidescaping from.

said last-named exit. Y

'5. An energy relay, especially fying speech and sound vibrations,comprisng a. housing, an admission orifice for a ourthe parts of thehousfor amplirent of fluid and a principal exit orifice, a diskcontrolling said exit orifice, said disk being thin, light and flexibleand having but slight movement away from said orifice, an adjustable capclosing the end of said housing opposite said exit orifice, whereby thespace in the rear of said'disk may be varied,

the parts of the housing on either side of said disk being incommunication with each other, an exit from said space, and means formodifying the current of fluid escaping from said last-named exit.

6. An energy relay comprising a housing, orifices forthe passage offiuidthrough. said housing,- an obturating element controlling one ofsaidorifices exposed to pressure on both sides thereof; .and means forvarying the pressure on one-side of said element with respect to thatonthe other, the end of the housing behind said obturating element beingprovided with-grooves .or channels to prevent sticking of said element.

7 An energy relay comprising a housing, orifices for the passage offluid through said housing, an obtufat-ing element controlling one ofsaid'orifiesj exposed to pressure on both sides thereof-- and means forvarying .the pressure on one side of said element with respect to thaton the other, and a cap at the end of the housing behind said obturatinelement havin u on its inner face grooves or channels to preventsticking of sald element.

8. An energy relay comprising a housing, v

orifices for the passage of fluid through said housing, an obt-uratmgelement controlling one of said orifices exposed to pressure on bothsides thereof andmeans for varying the pressure onone side of saidelement with respect to that on the other, and a cap at the end ofthehousing behind said obturating element having a rccessed inner faceand grooves or channels on "said face to prevent sticking of saidelement.

In witness wligreof, we have hereunto signed our names in the presenceof twov subscribing witnesses.

'- GEORQES LAUDET.

I LEON GAUMONT.

Witnesses:

DEAN B. MASON, GABRIEL BELLIARD.

